EDUCATE YOURSELF

The next step is to educate yourself. As I mentioned previously, you can begin by subscribing to a financial resource such as Money. Read everything you can, and focus on what you are familiar with.

From there, you will find your horizons expanding into related subjects. Eventually you will be somewhat knowledgeable. Never hesitate to ask questions. Look for financial classes at the local community college.

The big payoff to you is that you will eventually have the ability to self-direct your investments. It is a payoff, because you can choose no-load mutual funds instead of paying an investment advisor to handle your money. If you want to buy individual stocks, you can use an internet service such as E-Trade, which charges far less commissions than a full service brokerage house.

STICK WITH MUTUAL FUNDS

A big mistake we make when we start saving money is to not leave it alone. Once the account balance reaches a certain level we begin thinking where we could invest all that cash. It is very tempting to start buying and selling stocks.

There is only one way to purchase individual stocks, and that is to buy and hold. Otherwise, it is just a sophisticated form of gambling. In my opinion, the vast majority of the public should avoid individual stocks. It is too risky.

A much safer method is to purchase mutual funds. It spreads the risk. Instead of investing in just a few stocks, a mutual fund allows your risk to be spread over thousands of companies with a small amount of money. You won't have the big gains of an individual stock, but you won't have the potential for big losses either. If you educate yourself, you can use a no-load company such as Vanguard. If that scares you, go visit a financial advisor. However, be prepared to pay a commission, typically $5.75 for every $100 invested. There are mutual funds for every level of risk.

Just before the 2008 economic downturn I invested a large sum for an older couple. The market at the time was red hot. However, because of their age and ignorance regarding finances, I recommended a mutual fund specializing in government securities. Prior to this time their money had been in CDs. Shortly afterwards, the market crashed. Their investment, however, continued to earn almost 6%. Their risk tolerance and age dictated a conservative approach. If they had been able to educate themselves and self-direct their money, they would have saved even more by not paying commissions. For them, however, they made the right decision.

It's never too late to get started. Read the Wall Street Journal. Subscribe to Money magazine. Take charge of your financial future.

AVOID PYRAMIDS AND GET RICH QUICK SCHEMES

When I was 14 years old, a friend of the family approached me about selling soap. It was called Zif. As he explained how it worked, I thought it sounded pretty good. I paid him $12 for a starter kit, and then hit the streets selling soap. The real money, however, was if I could get others to sign up. I would get a percentage of their start up money, as well as part of their soap sales, and those under them, and those under them etc. I lasted two days. I decided I wasn't a salesman. I didn't know it at the time, but that was my first exposure to pyramid sales.

With pyramids, the people who get in first make the money. This type of marketing is still around in many forms. Another name for it is multi-level marketing. When I was a young adult, Amway was big. The appeal was always about how much money you could make, or how you could own your own business. In my opinion, if you want to be a business owner, choose a legitimate career.

However, there are much worse critters out there, called get rich quick schemes. These will suck out all your blood and leave you dead on the highway. They appeal in a very base way to human greed. As my dad used to say, if it sounds too good to be true, it usually is.

My sister lives in a small Colorado town. A man came through selling investment opportunities. It was very convincing, especially since so many townsfolk were signing up. In the end, many lost their entire life savings. The greatest danger is in thinking that it can't happen to me, because I'm too smart.

Some of the sharpest minds in the financial world let themselves be taken in by Bernie Madoff. It seems like every week I read similar articles of innocent people losing their retirement savings. A friend of mine heard about a glowing investment opportunity on Christian radio. He lost all his retirement ($200,000) and owes the I.R.S. $10,000.

There is a lesson here for all. Be very careful. Make sure they are not appealing to your greed. Be aware of investments that put time constraints on you. Make sure they are licensed with your state. All companies and representatives selling securities are required to have a securities license in their state. Take a look at the overall picture. As I said previously, if it is sounds too good to be true, it usually is.

BE A CONTRARIAN

When it comes to keeping up with the Jones', be a contrarian. This is a popular word in the financial world, usually referring to someone who sells stocks when everyone else is buying, and buying when others are selling. I'm using it in the same way, but in the context of consumerism.

The world is spending, so I will not spend. The slogan "You deserve a break today" is targeted at you, the consumer. What they are really saying is treat yourself right by eating at McDonalds. A contrarian would hear that slogan and say, "I'm an independent thinker and will not be sucked in to cheap advertising." If you do eat at McDonalds, do it on your own terms; not theirs.

My problem is that I think I am immune, but the next day find that my actions tell me otherwise. Being a contrarian is a state of mind. In the 70s the most visable contrarians were the hippies driving VW buses. Some of them even rejected cleanliness. They made a whole subculture out of it. Now we are mainstream grandparents.

Remember the reason for being a contrarian is to start on the road to financial freedom. Small decisions have lasting consequences. Passing up a latte and taking your own thermos to work can make a substantial financial difference after a few years, even though it seems inconsequential now.

One way to strengthen your resolve is to picture yourself as a nonconformist. Deliberately choose what you will conform to. Hopefully you will choose cleanliness, unlike the early hippies. Honesty is another good trait. As you review all the values of your peers, it will become apparent what to avoid and what to embrace.

Don't be overly concerned about your image. If you worry about what others think, stop it. Get your kudos from the knowledge that you are making wise financial decisions. That is much more rewarding than outward appearance. I like the cat picture. Cats do what they want, when they want to. They don't care what others think. Be a cat, but not at the expense of others.

LIVE BENEATH YOUR MEANS

I don't think it is possible to follow the advice of the two previous blogs unless you learn to live beneath your means. I spoke with a friend from Panama who related to me that in their culture, it was demeaning to purchase and wear used clothing. I immediately could see the implications of that thinking. They would have less money to spend on more important things. Of course the interesting thing about that is that they consider the clothing to be more important than many other things in life. I value health care, nutrition, and a college education for my children. They value looking stylish. Which is more important?

A high school teacher told me last week about her feeling of distress in seeing some students wearing $200 jeans to school. What hope of success in the world does a student have who places that kind of value on clothing? We can all hope that they will eventually grow up. Sometimes it is hastened by the school of hard knocks.

I think a key concept to financial success is deferred gratification. We're talking major deferral, like 30 years. Not everyone can see themselves even living that long. Their philosophy is to enjoy it now. I can understand the short term thinking, but don't happen to agree.

Let's look at cars. The cheapest car you'll ever own is the one you are currently driving. That factors in repairs. There is a point at which it may make economic sense to upgrade. I got rid of my last two cars because the cost of the repair was way more than the value of the vehicle. If you do upgrade, wait until you can pay cash.

Living beneath your means will enable you to contribute to a Roth IRA. Most accounts will allow a $250 deposit to start. Everyone should have one.

Don't take away the idea that I value old clothes and cars. My clothes are decent and I wash my car every Saturday. More thoughts in the next blog.

PAY OFF CREDIT CARDS IN FULL EACH MONTH

A recent article on credit card debt stated that graduating college students have an average credit card debt of $2,500 to $3,000. That is in addition to student loans averaging $24,000. What a way to start your life!

The best way to handle credit cards is to have one major bank card, and to pay it off in full every month. Of course that puts limitations on its use. If you don't have the money in the bank, then don't use the card. That raises the question, "Why use the card if there is money in the bank?" The short answer is, don't use it. Use a debit card. A debit card is like an old fashioned checkbook. If the money isn't in the account, then the card will not be accepted.


If you are following my advice from the previous blog, and spending less than you make, then you can use the credit card for convenience, such as Internet purchases. Another reason would be to build up air miles so you can fly free to see Grandma. It also builds your credit rating, so when you buy a house the lender likes what they see. Learning to use a credit card responsibly is like a teenage boy learning to handle a rifle-- you can get hurt if you don't do it right.

I suggest you start your child out at about age 12 with their own checking account and debit card. Spend some time teaching them how it all works. Later help them get a credit card from the same institution with a $500 limit. Put the fear of God into them about paying it off in full every month, and carefully supervise what happens until you have the confidence that they understand how to use credit. Don't let your child be one of those college graduates with a big credit card balance!

SPEND LESS THAN YOU MAKE

Over the next few blogs I will be offering one piece of financial advice per blog. The first rule is to spend less than you make. It sounds simple, but you would be surprised how easy it is to begin spending more than you earn.

For example, if one spouse is suddenly laid off, there is a substantial drop in income. However, if there is not an immediate drop in spending, you find yourself suddenly spending more than you are bringing in.

If you were cutting things close while both were working, it is easy to start making up the difference by relying on credit cards. It's just temporary, you think, until you are called back to work, or manage to get another job. The problem is that you have started down a slippery slope ending in bankruptcy unless you can turn it around.

The key is to anticipate the problem before it rears it's ugly head. One way would be for the two of you to agree that you will limit your expenditures to the income brought in by one spouse. I'm using the example of a married couple.

There is a big advantage to doing that. First, it allows you to begin saving a nest egg for future investments, like your first or second home, or perhaps for the kid's college fund.

Second, it allows that spouse the freedom to quit work if there is a family emergency, or a need for child care, or health issues.

Third, it prevents you from putting yourself in a position of being financially overextended if there is a crises.

If you have even a small financial nest egg, it give you breathing room while you work out your plans. If the emergency never happens, you have the beginnings of a retirement fund.

In real life things are never that easy, and you may already be in a situation where you need both incomes to just survive. In that case, I suggest you make some hard decisions. It may involve downsizing, or looking for another job, or one spouse working two jobs. None of those choices are easy, and may not be practical. However, it is better to be proactive now than to let circumstances dictate your destruction later.

Here is a funny Steve Martin SNL skit that goes along with the theme.

MAY 21ST and Twitter

If you have been unfortunate enough to drive by one of Harold Camping's billboards, you have seen the announcement of May 21st as the rapture of the church. I was dismayed, and grieved. It gives Christianity a black eye when a professing Christian goes off the deep end. How much better if he had preached repentance! Oh well. Not to mention that the theology of the rapture has only been around about 200 years. The traditional church doctrine teaches the return of Christ in power and glory.

On a different subject, I encourage you to give twitter a try. I've been doing it about a month. You are limited to 140 characters per entry. It's like a mini-blog. You'll find me if you search for hungerisgood. Reply to one of my entries, and I'll "follow" you.